Domain Name

Is string of letters and/or numbers followed by TLD and ‎separated by a period. For example "liberatedsystems.com" ‎
A domain name is an alias for a numeric Web address. Each Web site on the Internet ‎has a numeric address that functions like coordinates on a map. Instead of pointing to a ‎geographic location on Earth, these numeric addresses, called IP addresses, point to a location ‎on the Internet. Computers have no problems with locating and remembering numeric ‎addresses. In contrast, many people have trouble remembering long, complicated sequences of ‎numbers. So, to make navigating the Internet easier, the domain name system was invented. ‎This system allows people to use easy to remember names for Web sites instead of numeric ‎sequences. ‎

A domain name locates an organization or other entity on the Internet. For example, the ‎domain name "www.liberatedsystems.com" locates an Internet address for ‎‎"liberatedsystems.com" at Internet and a particular host server named "www". The "com" part ‎of the domain name reflects the purpose of the organization or entity (in this example, ‎‎"commercial") and is called the top-level domain name. The "liberatedsystems" part of the ‎domain name defines the organization or entity and together with the top-level is called ‎the second-level domain name.
Because the Internet is based on IP addresses, not domain names, every web server ‎requires a Domain Name System (DNS) server to translate domain names into IP ‎addresses. Domain Name System, or DNS, is a system used for assigning addresses to ‎Internet web servers "Internet hosts". Somehow like international phone numbers, the ‎domain name system helps to give every Internet server a memorable and easy-to-‎spell address. The second-level domain name maps to and can be ‎thought of as the "readable" version of the Internet address.‎
A third level can be defined to identify a particular host server at the Internet address. In this ‎example, "www" is the name of the server that handles Internet requests. (A second server ‎might be called "www2".) A third level of domain name is not required. For example, the fully-‎qualified domain name could have been "liberatedsystems.com" and the server assumed.‎
Subdomain levels can be used. For example, you could have ‎‎"customer.liberatedsystems.com". Together, "www.liberatedsystems.com" constitutes ‎a fully-qualified domain name.‎

Second-level domain names must be unique on the Internet and registered with one of ‎the ICANN "Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers" accredited registrars for the top-level domains. Where ‎appropriate, a top-level domain name can be geographic.

On the Web, the domain name is that part of the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that tells a ‎domain name server using the domain name system (DNS) whether and where to forward a ‎request for a Web page. The domain name is mapped to an IP address (which represents a ‎physical point on the Internet).‎
More than one domain name can be mapped to the same Internet address. This allows ‎multiple individuals, businesses, and organizations to have separate Internet identities while ‎sharing the same Internet server.
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The domain name system contains an even higher level of domain than the top-level domain. ‎The highest level is the root domain, which would be represented by a single dot , just as in ‎many hierarchical file systems, a root directory is represented by a "/" , if it were ever used. ‎If the dot for the root domain were shown in the URL, it would be to the right of the top-level ‎domain name. However, the dot is assumed to be there, but never shown.‎‎

Domain name can identify one or more IP addresses For example; the ‎domain name microsoft.com represents about a dozen.‎
Every domain name's suffix indicates which top level domain (TLD) it belongs to.
For example: ‎
gov - Government agencies ‎
org - Organizations (nonprofit) ‎
info – information ‎
com - commercial business ‎
net - Network organizations ‎
eg - Egypt

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